top of page

Iberian Peninsula Plunged into Darkness: How a 15 GW Grid Collapse Shocked Europe

In late April 2025, the Iberian Peninsula experienced a sudden 15 GW grid collapse that left millions in darkness and exposed critical vulnerabilities in our energy networks. From unexplained timestamp mismatches in protection relays to market anomalies worth hundreds of millions, this blackout is more than a technical failure—it’s a warning shot for energy producers worldwide. Dive into our detailed analysis of cascading failures, financial impacts, and the unresolved myster

Comprehensive Guide to IEC 62443 Security Levels

Overview Industrial Automation and Control Systems (ICS) underpin the operations of critical infrastructure such as energy,...

The Cost of a Data Breach

A recent research by Ponemon Institute and IBM studied 550 organizations impacted by data breaches that occurred between March 2021 and...

bottom of page